Note:
Certain conventions are used here to save time and space in written exercises.
1. It is merely a convention to use "by" or "by means of" to translate the ablative, e.g., puellâ = by means of the girl. But remember: to say that something was done by a person, as in "by the girl," a Latin speaker would use the preposition â or ab : â puellâ.
2. The convention (s) signifies "as a subject" and merely points to the nominative case which is sometimes used with words that are not technically the subject, e.g. a predicate nominative, like the word girl in "The winner is this girl."
3. The convention (o) signifies "as an object," and merely points to the accusative case that is usually used for direct objects. But of course indirect objects are a kind of object as well, and they are typically in the dative case. Also, some verbs take what in English are direct objects, but they stand in a different case in Latin, e.g., "ignosce mihi" (Pardon me), which uses a dative pronoun as the object of ignosce.
4. The word of indicates the genitive case; the words to/for indicate the dative.
First Declension Practice
1 philosophiae of the philosophy to/for the philosophy the philosophies (s) 2 îrâ by means of the anger 3 pecûniârum of the monies 4 sententiîs to/for the opinions by means of the opinions 5 porta a/the gate (s) 6 fâmîs to/for the reputations by means of the reputations 7 nautae of the sailor to/for the sailor the sailors (s) 8 îram a/the anger (o) 9 rosa a/the rose (s) 10 rosârum of the roses 11 vîtâs the lives (o) 12 pecûniam a/the money (o) 13 fortûnâs the chances (o) 14 philosophiam a/the philosophy (o) 15 nautâs the sailors (o) 16 vîtîs to/for the lives by means of the lives 17 fortûna a/the chance (s) 18 puellâ by means of the girl 19 portâs the gates (o) 20 fâmâs the reputations (o) 21 patriam a/the country (o) 22 puellârum of the girls 23 philosophiîs to/for the philosophies by means of the philosophies 24 rosam a/the rose (o) 25 rosae of the rose to/for the rose the roses (s) 26 puellam a/the girl (o) 27 patria a/the country (s) 28 îra anger (s) 29 fâmam a/the reputation (o) 30 portâ by means of the gate 31 puellâs the girls (o) 32 sententiae of the opinion to/for the opinion the opinions (s) 33 poenae of the punishment to/for the punishment the punishments (s) 34 fôrmam a/the appearance (o) 35 fâma a/the reputation (s) 36 philosophiâ by means of the philosophy 37 sententiâs the opinions (o) 38 poenam a/the penalty (o) 39 vîtae of the life to/for the life the lives (s) 40 philosophiârum of the philosophies 41 puellae of the girl to/for the girl the girls (s) 42 pecûniae of the money to/for the money the monies (s) 43 vîtam a/the life (o) 44 îrae of the anger to/for the anger the rages (s) 45 fôrmârum of the appearance 46 nautîs to/for the sailors by means of the sailors 47 puella a/the girl (s) 48 portam a/the gate (o) 49 pecûniîs to/for the monies by means of the monies 50 nautam a/the sailor (o) 51 pecûnia a/the money (s) 52 fortûnam a/the fortune (o) 53 fâmâ by means of the reputation 54 pecûniâs the monies (o) 55 rosîs to/for the roses by means of the roses 56 poenîs to/for the punishments by means of the punishments 57 fortûnîs to/for the fortunes by means of the fortunes 58 rosâ by means of the rose 59 portae of the gate to/for the gate the gates (s) 60 vîtâ by means of the life 61 portîs to/for the gates by means of the gates 62 fâmârum of the reputations 63 fôrma a/the appearance (s) 64 poenâs a/the punishments (o) 65 fôrmâ by means of the appearance 66 fortûnâ by means of the fortune 67 fâmae of the reputation to/for the reputation the reputations (s) 68 fortûnârum of the fortunes 69 sententiam a/the opinions (o) 70 îrârum of the rages 71 îrîs to/for the rages by means of the rages 72 nauta a/the sailor (s) 73 nautârum of the sailors 74 patriâ by means of the country 75 patriâs the countries (o) 76 pecûniâ by means of the money 77 philosophia a/the philosophy (s) 78 poena a/the punishments (s) 79 patriârum of the countries 80 fôrmîs to/for the appearances by means of the appearances 81 poenâ by means of the punishment 82 patriîs to/for the countries by means of the countries 83 portârum of the gates 84 puellîs to/for the girls by means of the girls 85 rosâs the roses (o) 86 sententia a/the opinions (s) 87 fôrmae of the appearance to/for the appearance the appearances (s) 88 sententiâ by means of the opinion 89 sententiârum of the opinions 90 vîta a/the life (s) 91 vîtârum of the lives 92 poenârum of the punishments 93 patriae of the country to/for the country the countries (s) 94 fortûnae of the fortune to/for the fortune the fortunes (s) 95 philosophiâs the philosophies (o) 96 îrâs the rages (o) 97 fôrmâs the appearances (o) 98 nautâ by means of the sailor
1 reputation (s) fâma 2 lives (o) vîtâs 3 of the punishment poenae 4 by the money pecûniâ 5 by the shapes fôrmîs 6 opinions (s) sententiae 7 gates (o) portâs 8 to the country patriae 9 by the fortune fortûnâ 10 opinions (o) sententiâs 11 by the country patriâ 12 shape (s) fôrma 13 punishments (o) poenâs 14 farmers (o) agricolâs 15 of the gate portae 16 by the shape fôrmâ 17 by the philosophy philosophiâ 18 by the fortunes fortûnîs 19 lives (s) vîtae 20 to the money pecûniae 21 girl (o) puellam 22 to the angers îrîs 23 roses (s) rosae 24 to the sailor nautae 25 money (o) pecûniam 26 reputations (o) fâmâs 27 to the farmer agricolae 28 to the punishments poenîs 29 fortune (s) fortûna 30 of the reputation fâmae 31 of the girl puellae 32 by the punishment poenâ 33 by the angers îrîs 34 philosophies (o) philosophiâs 35 by the reputation fâmâ 36 farmers (s) agricolae 37 girls (o) puellâs 38 to the philosophy philosophiae 39 by the anger îrâ 40 girls (s) puellae 41 to the anger îrae 42 anger (s) îra 43 fortunes (o) fortûnâs 44 of the shape fôrmae 45 of the rose rosae 46 to the girls puellîs 47 by the gate portâ 48 by the sailors nautîs 49 life (o) vîtam 50 to the monies pecûniîs 51 reputation (o) fâmam 52 to the punishment poenae 53 gates (s) portae 54 to the fortune fortûnae 55 sailor (s) nauta 56 of the fortune fortûnae 57 of the opinion sententiae 58 by the girl puellâ 59 by the countries patriîs 60 rose (o) rosam 61 to the sailors nautîs 62 shape (o) fôrmam 63 to the gate portae 64 country (s) patria 65 punishments (s) poenae 66 of the anger îrae 67 of the life vîtae 68 to the shape fôrmae 69 by the rose rosâ 70 by the monies pecûniîs 71 reputations (s) fâmae 72 of the punishments poenârum 73 opinion (o) sententiam 74 to the countries patriârum 75 fortune (o) fortûnam 76 to the girl puellae 77 money (s) pecûnia 78 of the sailor nautae 79 of the farmer agricolae 80 by the opinion sententiâ 81 by the philosophies philosophiîs 82 farmer (s) agricola 83 of the philosophies philosophiârum 84 philosophies (s) philosophiae 85 to the reputation fâmae 86 shapes (s) fôrma 87 of the gates portârum 88 philosophy (s) philosophia 89 anger (o) îram 90 of the country patriae 91 of the reputations fâmârum 92 to the rose rosae 93 by the life vîtâ 94 by the punishments poenîs 95 life (s) vîta 96 shapes (o) fôrmam 97 of the monies pecûniârum 98 to the gates portîs 99 by the farmers agricolîs 100 monies (s) pecûniae 101 gate (o) portam 102 of the farmers agricolârum 103 to the fortunes fortûnîs 104 fortunes (s) fortûnae 105 of the girls puellârum 106 roses (o) rosâs 107 by the sailor nautâ 108 punishment (s) poena 109 of the money pecûniae 110 of the shapes fôrmârum 111 by the farmer agricola 112 by the gates portîs 113 opinion (s) sententia 114 angers (o) îrâs 115 of the countries patriârum 116 to the roses rosîs 117 by the lives vîtîs 118 sailor (o) nautam 119 to the opinion sententiae 120 punishment (o) poenam 121 to the shapes fôrmîs 122 countries (s) patriae 123 of the lives vîtârum 124 angers (s) îrae 125 of the roses rosârum 126 gate (s) porta 127 of the philosophy philosophiae 128 of the fortunes fortûnârum 129 by the reputations fâmîs 130 by the girls puellîs 131 rose (s) rosa 132 of the sailors nautârum 133 by the opinions sententiîs 134 country (o) patriam 135 to the life vîtae 136 philosophy (o) philosophiam 137 to the reputations fâmîs 138 farmer (o) agricolam 139 to the philosophies philosophiîs 140 sailors (s) nautae 141 of the opinions sententiârum 142 girl (s) puella 143 of the angers îrârum 144 by the roses rosîs 145 countries (o) patriâs 146 to the lives vîtîs 147 sailors (o) nautâs 148 to the opinions sententiîs 149 monies (o) pecûniâs 150 to the farmers agricolîs
Latin Teaching Materials at Saint Louis University:
Claude Pavur 1997 - 2003. This material is made freely available for non-commercial educational use.
