Note:
Certain conventions are used here to save time and space in written exercises.
1. It is merely a convention to use "by" or "by means of" to translate the ablative, e.g., puellâ = by means of the girl. But remember: to say that something was done by a person, as in "by the girl," a Latin speaker would use the preposition â or ab : â puellâ.
2. The convention (s) signifies "as a subject" and merely points to the nominative case which is sometimes used with words that are not technically the subject, e.g. a predicate nominative, like the word girl in "The winner is this girl."
3. The convention (o) signifies "as an object," and merely points to the accusative case that is usually used for direct objects. But of course indirect objects are a kind of object as well, and they are typically in the dative case. Also, some verbs take what in English are direct objects, but they stand in a different case in Latin, e.g., "ignosce mihi" (Pardon me), which uses a dative pronoun as the object of ignosce.
4. The word of indicates the genitive case; the words to/for indicate the dative.
Second Declension Nouns in -UM Practice
1 bâsia kisses (s) kisses (o) 2 remediîs to / for the remedies by the remedies 3 bellum war (s) war (o) 4 perîculîs to / for the dangers by the dangers 5 bella wars (s) wars (o) 6 dônôrum of the gifts 7 remediô to / for the remedy by the remedy 8 remediôrum of the remedies 9 consilium plan (s) plan (o) 10 ôtiîs to / for the leisures by the leisures 11 consilia plans (s) plans (o) 12 perîculô to / for the danger by the danger 13 dônum gift (s) gift (o) 14 bellîs to / for the wars by the wars 15 ôtiôrum of the leisures 16 dôna gifts (s) gifts (o) 17 ôtiô to / for the leisure by the leisure 18 exitium destruction (s) destruction (o) 19 exitiôrum of the destructions 20 exitia destructions (s) destructions (o) 21 officium duty (s) duty (o) 22 officiô to / for the duty by the duty 23 ôtiî of the leisure 24 officiôrum of the duties 25 officia duties (s) duties (o) 26 ôtium leisure (s) leisure (o) 27 officiî of the leisure 28 exitiô to / for the destruction by the destruction 29 perîculî of the danger 30 perîculum danger (s) danger (o) 31 ôtia leisures (s) leisures (o) 32 exitiî of the destruction 33 bâsiîs to / for the kisses by the kisses 34 dônô to / for the gift by the gift 35 consiliôrum of the plans 36 remediî of the remedy 37 remedium remedy (s) remedy (o) 38 dônî of the gift 39 consiliîs to / for the plans by the plans 40 perîcula dangers (s) dangers (o) 41 bellôrum of the wars 42 consiliô to / for the plan by the plan 43 bâsiô to / for the kiss by the kiss 44 bâsiî of the kiss 45 consiliî of the plan 46 remedia remedies (s) remedies (o) 47 bâsiôrum of the kisses 48 perîculôrum of the dangers 49 bellô to / for the war by the war 50 bellî of the war 51 exitiîs to / for the destructions by the destructions 52 bâsium kiss (s) kiss (o) 53 dônîs to / for the gifts by the gifts 54 officiîs to / for the duties by the duties
1 kiss (s) bâsium 2 to / for the destruction exitiô 3 to / for the duties officiîs 4 kisses (o) bâsia 5 to / for the kiss bâsiô 6 to / for the gift dônô 7 war (s) bellum 8 of the remedies remediôrum 9 to / for the duty officiô 10 to / for the leisures ôtiîs 11 wars (o) bella 12 of the destruction exitiî 13 remedy (o) remedium 14 of the kiss bâsiî 15 of the kisses bâsiôrum 16 plan (s) consilium 17 to / for the leisure ôtiô 18 to / for the dangers perîculîs 19 of the dangers perîculôrum 20 plans (o) consilia 21 to / for the war bellô 22 danger (o) perîculum 23 gift (s) dônum 24 of the plans consiliôrum 25 to / for the danger perîculô 26 to / for the remedies remediîs 27 of the danger perîculî 28 gifts (o) dôna 29 leisure (o) ôtium 30 destruction (s) exitium 31 to / for the remedy remediô 32 by the kiss bâsiô 33 of the duty officiî 34 destructions (o) exitia 35 duty (s) officium 36 duty (o) officium 37 to / for the kisses bâsiîs 38 by the war bellô 39 leisures (s) ôtia 40 by the plans consiliîs 41 of the leisure ôtiî 42 duties (o) officia 43 leisure (s) ôtium 44 to / for the wars bellîs 45 by the plan consiliô 46 duties (s) officia 47 by the wars bellîs 48 destruction (o) exitium 49 dangers (s) perîcula 50 by the gifts dônîs 51 danger (s) perîculum 52 leisures (o) ôtia 53 to / for the plans consiliîs 54 by the gift dônô 55 destructions (s) exitia 56 of the wars bellôrum 57 by the kisses bâsiîs 58 gift (o) dônum 59 of the gift dônî 60 by the remedies remediîs 61 remedies (s) remedia 62 by the destructions exitiîs 63 to / for the plan consiliô 64 remedy (s) remedium 65 to / for the gifts dônîs 66 by the destruction exitiô 67 gifts (s) dôna 68 of the gifts dônôrum 69 by the remedy remediô 70 dangers (o) perîcula 71 of the plan consiliî 72 plan (o) consilium 73 by the dangers perîculîs 74 kiss (o) bâsium 75 by the duties officiîs 76 kisses (s) bâsia 77 to / for the destructions exitiîs 78 by the duty officiô 79 plans (s) consilia 80 by the danger perîculô 81 remedies (o) remedia 82 of the war bellî 83 of the remedy remediî 84 war (o) bellum 85 by the leisures ôtiîs 86 wars (s) bella 87 by the leisure ôtiô 88 of the duties officiôrum 89 of the destructions exitiôrum 90 of the leisures ôtiôrum
Latin Teaching Materials at Saint Louis University:
Claude Pavur 1997 - 2003. This material is made freely available for non-commercial educational use.
